The reactor is a device for realizing a reaction process, and is used for realizing a liquid phase single-phase reaction process and a liquid-liquid, gas-liquid, liquid-solid, gas-liquid-solid multi-phase reaction process. There is a stirring device (mechanical stirring, air flow stirring, etc.) in the device. When the height is relatively large, multi-layer stirring blades can be used. When the material needs to be heated or cooled during the reaction, a jacket can be provided at the reactor wall, or a heat exchange surface can be provided in the reactor, or heat exchange can be performed by external circulation.
Common reactor types are: ① Tubular reactor. It is composed of an empty pipe or a filled pipe with a relatively large diameter, and can be used to realize gas phase reaction and liquid phase reaction. ② Kettle reactor. It is composed of a cylindrical container with a relatively long diameter and is often equipped with a mechanical stirring or airflow stirring device, which can be used for liquid phase single-phase reaction processes and liquid-phase, gas-liquid phase, gas-liquid-solid equal phase multi-phase reaction processes. The gas-liquid phase reaction process is called a bubbling stirred tank; the gas-liquid solid phase reaction process is called a stirred tank type slurry reactor. ③ A reactor with a bed of solid particles. Gas or (and) liquid passes through fixed or moving solid particle beds to achieve multi-phase reaction processes, including fixed bed reactors, fluidized bed reactors, moving bed reactors, trickle bed reactors, and the like. ④ Tower reactor. The tower equipment used for realizing gas-liquid phase or liquid-liquid phase reaction process includes packed tower, plate tower, bubble column and the like. ⑤ Jet reactor. Equipment that uses an ejector to perform mixing to achieve a single-phase reaction process in the gas or liquid phase and a multi-phase reaction process in the gas-liquid phase or the liquid-liquid phase. ⑥ Various other atypical reactors. Such as rotary kiln, aeration tank, etc.