The vehicle differential can enable the left and right (or front and rear) drive wheels to implement a mechanism that rotates at different speeds. It is mainly composed of left and right half shaft gears, two planetary gears and a gear carrier. The function is to make the left and right wheels roll at different speeds when the car is turning or driving on uneven roads, that is, to ensure that the driving wheels on both sides make pure rolling motion. The differential is installed to adjust the difference in speed between the left and right wheels. In four-wheel drive, in order to drive four wheels, all wheels must be connected. If the four wheels are mechanically connected, the car cannot rotate at the same speed when driving on a curve. The rotation speed is basically consistent. At this time, an intermediate differential needs to be added to adjust the speed difference between the front and rear wheels.
Differentials are generally divided into two types, gear type differentials and non-slip differentials, according to their operating characteristics. Gear differential Due to the structural reasons, this differential distributes equal torque to the left and right wheels. This differential torque equalization characteristic satisfies the normal driving of a car on a good road. But when the car is driving on a bad road, it seriously affects the passing ability.
Non-slip differential In order to improve the car’s ability to pass on bad roads, some off-road vehicles and premium cars are equipped with non-slip differentials. The characteristic of a non-slip differential is that when one side of the drive wheel is slipping on a bad road, most or all of the torque can be transmitted to the drive wheel on a good road, so as to make full use of the adhesion of this drive wheel to generate Sufficient driving force to make the car start smoothly or continue driving. To achieve the above requirements, the simplest method is to set a differential lock on the symmetrical bevel gear differential to make it a forced-lock differential. When the drive wheels on one side slip, a differential lock can be used to lock the differential without acting as a differential. The anti-skid differential can overcome ordinary bevel gear differentials due to the equal distribution of torque to the left and right wheels. When driving on bad roads (muddy, snowy roads, etc.), one side of the drive wheels contacts muddy, snowy, snowy roads. The road surface slips (slips) on the spot, but the driving wheels on the other side on a good road surface are in a stationary state, which reduces the vehicle’s passing capacity.
When a car turns, the turning radius of the inner wheels and the outer wheels are different. The turning radius of the outer wheels must be larger than the turning radius of the inner wheels. This requires that the speed of the outer wheels is higher than the speed of the inner wheels when turning. The role of the differential is to meet the requirements of different wheel speeds on both sides of the car when turning.