Automobile steering gear, also known as steering gear and steering gear, is the most important component in the steering system of automobiles. Its role is to increase the force transmitted by the steering wheel to the steering transmission mechanism and change the direction of force transmission.
Commonly used are rack and pinion, worm crank pin and recirculating ball. 1) Rack and pinion steering gear: It is the most common steering gear. Its basic structure is a pair of meshing pinions and racks. When the steering shaft drives the pinion to rotate, the rack moves linearly. Sometimes, relying on the rack to drive the tie rod directly, the steering wheel can be steered. So this is the simplest diverter. Its advantages are simple structure, low cost, sensitive steering and small volume, which can directly drive the tie rod. It is widely used in automobiles.
2) Worm crank pin type steering gear: It is a steering gear with worm as the driving part and crank pin as the driven part. The worm has a trapezoidal thread, a finger-shaped conical finger pin is supported on the crank with a bearing, and the crank is made integral with the steering rocker shaft. When steering, the worm is rotated by the steering wheel, and the conical fingers embedded in the helical groove of the worm rotate while rotating around the axis of the steering rocker arm, thereby driving the crank and the steering vertical arm to swing. Wheel deflection. This type of steering gear is usually used in trucks with large steering forces.
3) Recirculating ball steering gear: Recirculating ball power steering system The main structure consists of two parts: mechanical part and hydraulic part. The mechanical part is composed of a housing, a side cover, an upper cover, a lower cover, a recirculating ball screw, a rack nut, a rotary valve spool, and a fan gear shaft. There are two pairs of transmission pairs: one is a screw, a nut, and the other is a rack, fan, or fan shaft. A revolving steel ball is installed between the screw and the rack nut to change the sliding friction into rolling friction, thereby improving the transmission efficiency. The advantages of this steering gear are light handling, low wear and long life. The disadvantage is that the structure is complicated, the cost is high, and the steering sensitivity is not as good as that of the rack and pinion.