The solar system is composed of a solar battery group, a solar controller, and a storage battery (group). Solar photovoltaic systems are divided into off-grid photovoltaic power generation systems, grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems and distributed photovoltaic power generation systems.
working principle: In the daytime, under the light condition, the solar cell module generates a certain electromotive force, and the solar cell square array is formed by the series and parallel connection of the modules, so that the square array voltage can meet the system input voltage requirements. Then the battery is charged by the charge and discharge controller, and the electric energy converted from the light energy is stored. In the evening, the battery pack provides input power to the inverter. The inverter converts DC power to AC power and sends it to the power distribution cabinet, which is powered by the switching function of the power distribution cabinet. The discharge of the battery pack is controlled by the controller to ensure the normal use of the battery. Photovoltaic power plant systems should also have limited load protection and lightning protection devices to protect system equipment from overload operation and lightning strikes, and to maintain the safe use of system equipment.
Advantages: 1. It is mainly composed of electronic components, does not involve mechanical rotating parts, and runs without noise; 2. No combustion process, no fuel required for power generation; 3. No exhaust gas pollution and no waste water discharge during power generation; 4.Equipment installation and maintenance are very simple, simple maintenance, low maintenance costs, reliable and stable operation, and long service life up to 25 years; 5, strong adaptability to environmental conditions, can work normally in different environments; 6.Able to work normally and stably under long-term unattended conditions; 7. It is easy to expand and expand the scale of power generation as needed.
8. Solar energy is inexhaustible and inexhaustible. The solar radiation energy received on the surface of the earth can meet 10,000 times the global energy demand. As long as solar photovoltaic systems are installed in 4% of the world’s deserts, the electricity generated can meet global needs. Solar power is safe and reliable, and will not be affected by the energy crisis or the unstable fuel market; 9. Solar energy can be used everywhere, and power can be supplied nearby, without long-distance transmission, which avoids the loss of long-distance transmission lines; 10. Solar energy does not use fuel, and the operating cost is very low; 11. solar power generation has no moving parts, is not easy to use and damage, simple maintenance, especially suitable for unattended use; 12. Solar power generation does not generate any waste, has no pollution and noise, and has no adverse impact on the environment. It is an ideal clean energy; 13. The construction period of solar power generation system is short, convenient and flexible, and according to the increase or decrease of the load, the amount of solar power can be added or reduced arbitrarily to avoid waste.
Disadvantage 1. Ground applications are intermittent and random. The power generation is related to climatic conditions, and it is impossible or seldom to generate power at night or rainy days; 2. The energy density is low. Under standard conditions, the intensity of solar radiation received on the ground is 1000W / M ^ 2. When using large specifications, it needs to occupy a large area; 3. The price is still relatively expensive, 3 to 15 times that of conventional power generation, and the initial investment is high.
First, user solar power (1) Small power supply ranging from 10-100W, used for military and civilian life in remote and non-powered areas such as plateaus, islands, pastoral areas, border posts, etc., such as lighting, television, radio, etc .; Power generation system; (3) Photovoltaic water pump: solve drinking and irrigation of deep water wells in areas without electricity.
2. Transportation Such as beacon lights, traffic / railway signal lights, traffic warning / signage lights, high-altitude obstruction lights, highway / railway wireless telephone booths, unattended road shift power supply, etc.
Communication / communication field Solar unattended microwave relay station, fiber optic cable maintenance station, broadcasting / communication / paging power system; rural carrier telephone photovoltaic system, small communication machine, soldier GPS power supply, etc.
4. Petroleum, marine and meteorological fields Cathodic protection solar power systems for oil pipelines and reservoir gates, domestic and emergency power for oil rigs, marine detection equipment, meteorological / hydrological observation equipment Prepare.
Five, home lighting power Such as garden lights, street lights, portable lights, camping lights, climbing lights, fishing lights, black lights, tap lights, energy-saving lights, etc.
Sixth, photovoltaic power station 10KW-50MW independent photovoltaic power station, wind-solar (firewood) complementary power station, various large parking plant charging stations, etc.
Solar buildings Combining solar power with building materials to enable self-sufficiency in large buildings in the future is a major development direction in the future.
Eight other fields include (1) Matching with cars: solar cars / electric cars, battery charging equipment, car air conditioners, ventilators, cold drink boxes, etc .; (2) Solar hydrogen production and fuel cell regeneration power generation systems; (3) Desalination equipment power supply; (4) ) Satellites, spacecraft, space solar power stations, etc.