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Safety belt

Car seat belt can also be called seat belt, which is a kind of occupant restraint device. Car seat belts are safety devices designed to restrain the occupants during a collision and to avoid secondary collisions between the occupants and the steering wheel and dashboard during a collision, or to avoid rushing out of the car and causing death or injury.

Definitions and materials

Car seat belts are safety devices designed to restrain the occupants during a collision and to avoid secondary collisions between the occupants and the steering wheel and dashboard during a collision, or to avoid rushing out of the car and causing death or injury. Car seat belt can also be called seat belt, which is a kind of occupant restraint device. Car seat belts are recognized as the cheapest and most effective safety device. Many countries are compulsorily equipped with seat belts in vehicle equipment.

Classification

The structure of the most widely used three-point seat belt. Among various seat belts, it is a form of seat belt that combines practicability, comfort and restraint of the occupant quite well.

ELR three-point safety belt
The ELR three-point safety belt is a three-point safety belt equipped with an ELR retractor. This type of retractor is called an emergency lock retractor (ELR), and it is usually free to pull out the seat belt. It is equipped with an impact sensing device that locks the seat belt during a crash or emergency braking. Generally, the amount of impact is sensed through the deceleration of the vehicle, and it is sensed through the pull-out speed of the webbing. The combination of the two methods has become the mainstream.

ALR three-point safety belt
ALR three-point safety belt is a three-point safety belt equipped with ALR retractor. This type of retractor is called an automatic locking retractor (ALR). When the seat belt is pulled out, it is locked when it is taken up to the length of the occupant. It can no longer be pulled out of the retractable device of the seat belt. . ELR / ALR used in combination with ELR has become mainstream. ALR works when the seat belt is fully pulled out, and ELR works when it is fully retracted. This method is mainly used for fixing child seats.
Safety belt with pre-tensioner and force limiter
Many mid- to high-end cars are now equipped with seat belts with pre-tensioners and force limiters. The pre-tensioner is used to eliminate the excess tension margin of the seat belt as much as possible to prevent the occupants from being injured by the exploded air bag. The force limiter is to reduce the tension of the seat belt after the stress peak has passed to reduce the stress on the occupants’ ribs and shoulders.

Function and characteristics

(1) Design elements of seat belts. The design of seat belts should meet the requirements of occupants’ protective performance, reminding to use seat belts, and comfort and convenience. The design means for achieving the above points are the selection of the position of the seat belt adjuster, the specification of the seat belt, and the auxiliary device used.

(2) Occupant protection performance The occupant protection performance requirements of car seat belts are as follows: restrain the occupants as early as possible; minimize the pressure on the occupants during restraint; keep the restraint position unchanged, so that the restraint avoids the weaker parts of the human body . As a means to achieve the above purpose, the use of the pretensioner and force limiter described above has significantly improved the performance in these aspects.

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