Earthmoving machinery, machinery for digging, scraping, pushing or leveling soil and gravel. Widely used in construction, water conservancy construction, road construction, airport construction, mining, dock construction, farmland improvement and other projects.
Prepare working machinery, earth-moving machinery, excavation machinery, leveling machinery, compaction machinery, and hydraulic earthmoving machinery.
Excavation machinery Used to excavate materials above or below the bearing surface (including soil, coal, silt, pre-loose rock and soil, and ore, etc.), load them into transport vehicles or unload them to the stockyard, and divide There are two types of single-bucket excavators and multi-bucket excavators.
Shovel Transportation Machinery Materials used for scraping, pushing or leveling the surface of the carrier mainly work by traction, and are divided into bulldozers, scrapers, loaders, graders and earthmovers according to their uses. In addition, earthmoving machinery can be divided into tire type and track type according to the structure of the traveling system. Earthmoving machinery generally consists of a power unit (mostly a diesel engine), a transmission unit, a walking unit and a working unit. Except for the multi-bucket excavator, which operates continuously, other earthmoving machinery operates periodically. The main reasons for selecting earthmoving machinery in construction are the operation object, operation requirements, and the characteristics of the machine itself. In addition, when selecting shovel transportation machinery, the material transportation distance should also be considered. For example, bulldozers are suitable for distances of 30 to 60 meters when pushing materials along the ground; self-propelled scrapers can self-load, transport, and unload ground materials, and are suitable for long distances of 180 to 2000 meters; single bucket loaders and The unloading car is suitable for a transportation distance of more than 300 meters, and the grader is suitable for the leveling operation of a large area.
Leveling machinery Earthmoving machines that use a scraper to level the site or road. Commonly used are motor graders.
Compaction machinery Using the principle of static pressure, vibration or tamping, the foundation soil and road paving layers are compacted to increase their density. As the bulldozer advances, the earthmoving machinery with improved bearing capacity is divided into sheep foot rollers, light rollers, tire rollers, and vibratory rollers , Frog tamping and internal combustion tamping machines.
Hydraulic earthmoving machinery Earthmoving machinery that excavates soil or rock with high-speed water jets for excavation. Then the mud (or magma) is transferred to the earthmoving machinery at the designated place. Commonly used are water pumps, water guns, suction pumps, etc., which can comprehensively complete excavation, transportation, filling and other operations, and use a knife-shaped or bucket-shaped working device to cut the soil. It has high efficiency, but consumes a large amount of water and electricity, and has application limitations.
Earthworks account for a large proportion in infrastructure construction, and construction equipment in earthworks plays a large role in it. Construction equipment mainly includes operating equipment and transportation equipment. Earthmoving equipment mainly includes excavation machinery, earthmoving machinery, leveling operations machinery, compaction machinery, etc. Earthmoving transportation equipment is mainly dump trucks. Dump trucks and off-highway dump trucks. The earthwork construction conditions are complex, most of which are open-air operations, which are difficult to determine due to weather, geology, and personnel operations. They are prone to accidents such as overturning, falling objects, and collisions, and there are relatively few off-machine workers in earthwork. It is often the crew members that cause casualties. This requires earthwork construction equipment to have certain safety to protect the lives of crew members. Passive safety components / structures have played a key role in reducing casualties.