A car door is a way for drivers and passengers to enter and exit the vehicle, and to isolate outside interference, to a certain extent, reduce side impacts and protect passengers. The beauty of a car is also related to the shape of the door. The quality of the door is mainly reflected in the anti-collision performance of the door, the sealing performance of the door, the convenience of opening and closing the door, and of course, other indicators of the use function. Anti-collision performance is particularly important because when the vehicle has a side collision, the buffer distance is very short, and it is easy to hurt people in the vehicle.
The door can be divided into the following types according to its opening method: Sliding door: Even when the car is driving, it can still be closed by the pressure of the airflow, which is safer and more convenient for the driver to observe backwards when reversing, so it is widely used.
Reverse door: If the car is not closed tightly when driving, it may be flushed by the oncoming airflow, so it is used less. It is generally used only to improve the convenience of getting on and off the car and to meet the needs of the etiquette.
Horizontally moving door: Its advantage is that it can be fully opened even when the distance between the body wall and the obstacle is small.
Lift-up doors: Widely used as back doors for passenger cars and light passenger cars, but also for low-profile cars.
Folding doors: They are widely used in large and medium-sized passenger cars.
The door of a car is generally composed of a door body, a door accessory and an interior trim cover. The door body includes a door inner panel, a door outer panel, a door window frame, a door reinforcing beam and a door reinforcing plate. Door accessories include door hinges, door opening limiters, door lock mechanisms and internal and external handles, door glass, glass elevators, and weather strips. The inner cover plate includes a fixed plate, a core plate, an inner skin, and an inner armrest.
Car doors can be divided into the following types according to their production processes: Integral car door: The inner and outer panels are formed by stamping the entire steel plate and then hemming. This production method has a large initial investment cost for the mold, but it can reduce the related inspection fixtures and reduce the material utilization rate.
Split-type door: The door frame assembly and the door inner and outer panel assembly are welded together. The door frame assembly can be produced by rolling, with lower cost and higher productivity. The overall corresponding mold cost is lower, but the later inspection fixture The cost is high and the process reliability is poor. The overall cost of the integrated door and the split door is not very large, and the relevant structural forms are mainly determined according to the related modeling requirements. Due to the current high requirements for car styling and higher production efficiency, the overall structure of the door tends to be split.